This is the second edition of the Bible, or Ka Palapala Hemolele, in the Hawaiian language. American missionaries first arrived in what was then known as the Sandwich Islands in 1820. Working closely with indigenous Hawaiians and supported by the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions and the American Bible Society, they quickly began work translating the Bible. After years of collaboration, they completed the entire New Testament in 1835, followed by the Old Testament in 1838. The first edition of the Hawaiian Bible was issued in 1839. This copy of the second edition was published in 1843.