William Fulke, a Puritan minister and theologian, was at the center of a heated debate between English Protestants and Catholics after the publication of the Rheims New Testament in 1582. Gregory Martin and other exiled scholars at the English College in Douay, France, had produced an English translation of the Latin Vulgate, which included notes and annotations denouncing Protestantism. Martin also published a treatise that same year alleging that English Protestants had deliberately introduced heretical errors into their Bible translations. Fulke responded with this treatise refuting Martin’s accusations. Fulke would later create a more substantial refutation, the Bishops’-Rheims Parallel New Testament, which would unintentionally make the Rheims translation much more easily available.